Complement C3 (P01024)

Uniprot ID	P01024
Protein Name	Complement C3
Gene Name	C3
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)

Signal peptide^(a)	Y	Secretome P^(b)	0.497
Function	C3 plays a central role in the activation of the complement system. Its processing by C3 convertase is the central reaction in both classical and alternative complement pathways. After activation C3b can bind covalently, via its reactive thioester, to cell surface carbohydrates or immune aggregates.Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C3, C3a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. In chronic inflammation, acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils (By similarity). It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes. .[C3-beta-c]: Acts as a chemoattractant for neutrophils in chronic inflammation. {ECO:0000250}.[Acylation stimulating protein]: adipogenic hormone that stimulates triglyceride (TG) synthesis and glucose transport in adipocytes, regulating fat storage and playing a role in postprandial TG clearance. Appears to stimulate TG synthesis via activation of the PLC, MAPK and AKT signaling pathways. Ligand for C5AR2. Promotes the phosphorylation, ARRB2-mediated internalization and recycling of C5AR2 (PubMed:8376604, PubMed:2909530, PubMed:9059512, PubMed:10432298, PubMed:15833747, PubMed:16333141, PubMed:19615750). {ECO:0000269\|PubMed:10432298, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:15833747, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:16333141, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:19615750, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:2909530, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:8376604, ECO:0000269\|PubMed:9059512}.
GO - Molecular function	C5L2 anaphylatoxin chemotactic receptor binding : IDA:UniProtKB endopeptidase inhibitor activity : IEA:InterPro signaling receptor binding : TAS:ProtInc
GO - Biological process	amyloid-beta clearance : ISS:ARUK-UCL cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in cell-cell signaling : IEA:Ensembl cellular protein metabolic process : TAS:Reactome complement activation : IMP:BHF-UCL complement activation, alternative pathway : TAS:Reactome complement activation, classical pathway : IEA:UniProtKB-KW complement-dependent cytotoxicity : IEA:Ensembl complement-mediated synapse pruning : ISS:ARUK-UCL fatty acid metabolic process : IEA:UniProtKB-KW G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway : TAS:Reactome immune response : TAS:ProtInc inflammatory response : IEA:UniProtKB-KW neuron remodeling : ISS:ARUK-UCL neutrophil degranulation : TAS:Reactome positive regulation of activation of membrane attack complex : IEA:Ensembl positive regulation of angiogenesis : IEA:Ensembl positive regulation of apoptotic cell clearance : IMP:BHF-UCL positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway : IDA:UniProtKB positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport : IDA:UniProtKB positive regulation of lipid storage : IDA:UniProtKB positive regulation of phagocytosis, engulfment : ISS:ARUK-UCL positive regulation of protein phosphorylation : IDA:UniProtKB positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis : ISS:ARUK-UCL positive regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity : IEA:Ensembl positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production : IDA:BHF-UCL post-translational protein modification : TAS:Reactome regulation of complement activation : TAS:Reactome regulation of immune response : TAS:Reactome regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process : IDA:UniProtKB response to bacterium : IEA:Ensembl signal transduction : TAS:ProtInc vertebrate eye-specific patterning : ISS:ARUK-UCL

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^{(a) The Signal peptide D-score cutoff for "YES"(having signal peptide) is 0.45.}
^{(b) Non-classically secreted proteins should obtain an NN-score(Neural Networks score) exceeding the normal threshold of 0.5, but not at the same time be predicted to contain a signal peptide.}